What Did I Learn?

The following questions will help you review concepts presented in this module.

1. In this module you learned about several types of steroid hormones that are made in the body.  Which of the following steroid hormones is important in increasing muscle size?
   1. Cortisol
   2. Estrogen
   3. Testosterone
   4. Progesterone
2. Steroids are lipophilic molecules that must cross the cell membrane in order to bind to its receptor inside the cell. What form of membrane transport is used?
   1. Active transport
   2. Passive diffusion
   3. Facilitated diffusion
   4. Filtration
3. Anabolic steroids increase the ability of DNA to make more muscle proteins.  The protein synthesis is directed by 2 major processes.  Which of the following describes the steps to protein synthesis?
   1. translation, followed by transcription
   2. translation, followed by transportation
   3. transcription, followed by conscription
   4. transcription, followed by translation
4. There are several steps involved in muscle contraction.  Which of the following sequences is correct?
   1. Acetylcholine binds to a receptor on the muscle cell, activating DNA. DNA causes calcium to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, causing the tendons to shorten.
   2. Acetylcholine binds to a receptor on the muscle cell, calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, sarcomeres shorten due to the thin actin filaments sliding over the thick myosin filaments.
   3. Acetylcholine binds to a receptor on the muscle cell, calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, sarcomeres shorten causing the thin actin filaments to twist around the thick myosin filaments.
   4. Acetylcholine binds to a receptor on the tendons, calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the tendons pull on the sarcomeres causing them to lengthen.
5. The production of hormones in our bodies is under the control of positive and negative feedback.  This keeps levels of hormones in the normal range.  However, hormone production changes when we take drugs that bind to the hormone receptors.  What will happen to the athlete who takes anabolic steroids over a long period of time?
   1. His testes will stop making testosterone
   2. His testes will increase the production of testosterone
   3. His hypothalamus will increase production of gonadotropin releasing hormone
   4. His pituitary will increase production of LH and FSH

Now, check your answers here.