“Islam and underdevelopment: An old puzzle revisited,” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 153 (March 1997): 41-71. Abstract

• Farsi translation (by Yadullah Dadgar): Naqd va Nazar, 3 (Winter 1997): 310-53.
• French translation: “L’Islam et le sous-développement: Un vieux puzzle revisité,” Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines , 8 (March 1998): 27-60.
• Turkish translation (by Cihan Dansuk and Timur Kuran): “İslâm ve Geri Kalmışlık: Eski Bir Muammaya Çözüm Arayışları,” Birikim, 137 (September 2000): 68-89. Revised form reprinted in Timur Kuran, İslâm’ın Ekonomik Yüzleri (Istanbul : İletişim, 2002): 211-253.